In the ratings section of the reports programme I would indicate a 4 (needs to improve) for homework, and would write something like "He needs to remember to do the home-study set, which is designed to help him progress.")
(Incidentally I would never use this expression. He may have done some homework (say between August and December) but for present purposes in April he is doing nothing. "He does not do his homework" (I would never use the word 'exercises') means that in the recent period relevant to the annual report he has done no homework. I post as somebody who has just written 60 school reports and is just about to write 40 more (about 180 over the year - one per pupil for whom I have main responsibility). Language is an applied science and does not exist in a hypothetical universe. But it's not pedagogically helpful to say something categorical like "There is no other way to create a negative in English," when there are, in fact, others. Negation, particularly when compounded by time-problems with English verbs, is in fact tricky. In short, "never" can mean "at present" just as "does not do" can mean "at no point has he done." Both senses are possible in both kinds of negative sentences. In fact, it can refer only to a recent present, if I want it to: "What happened to Billy after spring break? Now, he never does his exercises and he's always asleep in class." "He never does his exercises" is entirely understandable as a corollary to "He doesn't do his exercises," particularly without any context. "He never does his exercises" would work. "He doesn't do his exercises" - just like "he isn't Scottish" - can be entirely existential, meaning that at no point, now or earlier and even in the future, does he do his exercises. "He doesn't do his exercises" is not itself necessarily equivalent to "He is not at present doing his exercises." I would suggest that the opposite you're implying is "He isn't doing his exercises." (Technically, that's a negation of the present progressive, which itself doesn't take a "to do" helper, since "to be" is negated merely with "not.") And "He isn't doing his exercises" (only an at-present meaning) is not equivalent to "He doesn't do his exercises."
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